To ensure backwards compatibility, the v2. The main reason for the update was that the old cryptographic hash function, SHA-1 is no longer considered safe from malicious attacks by the developers, and as such, v2 uses SHA-256. BitTorrent v2 is intended to work seamlessly with previous versions of the BitTorrent protocol. released the BitTorrent v2 protocol specification. In 2006, peer exchange functionality was added allowing clients to add peers based on the data found on connected nodes. In 2005, first Vuze and then the BitTorrent client introduced distributed tracking using distributed hash tables which allowed clients to exchange data on swarms directly without the need for a torrent file. These files contain metadata about the files to be shared and the trackers which keep track of the other seeds and peers. Once a peer completed a download of the complete file, it could in turn function as a seed. Those who wish to download the file would download the torrent, which their client would use to connect to a tracker which had a list of the IP addresses of other seeds and peers in the swarm. The first uploader acted as a seed, and downloaders would initially connect as peers. Up until 2005, the only way to share files was by creating a small text file called a " torrent", that they would upload to a torrent index site. The first release of the BitTorrent client had no search engine and no peer exchange. (later renamed Rainberry, Inc.) to further develop the technology in 2004. Cohen and Ashwin Navin founded BitTorrent, Inc. Programmer Bram Cohen, a University at Buffalo alumnus, designed the protocol in April 2001, and released the first available version on 2 July 2001. The middle computer is acting as a "seed" to provide a file to the other computers which act as peers. In 2019, BitTorrent was a dominant file sharing protocol and generated a substantial amount of Internet traffic, with 2.46% of downstream, and 27.58% of upstream traffic. īitTorrent is one of the most common protocols for transferring large files, such as digital video files containing TV shows and video clips, or digital audio files containing songs. BitTorrent downloading is considered to be faster than HTTP ("direct downloading") and FTP due to the lack of a central server that could limit bandwidth. BitTorrent trackers provide a list of files available for transfer and allow the client to find peer users, known as "seeds", who may transfer the files. To send or receive files, users use a BitTorrent client on their Internet-connected computer, which are available for a variety of computing platforms and operating systems, including an official client. The protocol is developed and maintained by Rainberry, Inc., and was first released in 2001. Comparison of Internet Relay Chat clientsīitTorrent, also referred to as simply torrent, is a communication protocol for peer-to-peer file sharing (P2P), which enables users to distribute data and electronic files over the Internet in a decentralized manner.For other uses, see BitTorrent (disambiguation). This article is about the file sharing protocol.
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